Béisbol vs fútbol: sigue la porfía

Por: Nelson de la Rosa

Los aficionados en Cuba no se ponen de acuerdo y cada vez aumentan más las diferencias entre los seguidores del béisbol y los del fútbol, las que se exacerban por la manera en que se difunden ambas disciplinas en los medios de comunicación del país, especialmente la televisión y la radio nacionales.
Los amantes del béisbol argumentan que la amplia cobertura que recibe el fútbol internacional ha llevado a que los niños ya no quieran ser peloteros y a que la popularidad de lo que llamamos “nuestro pasatiempo nacional” haya decaído bastante en los últimos tiempos.
Por otro lado, los seguidores del fútbol ponen a favor en su balanza que el béisbol cubano no es un espectáculo, que no existen estrellas rutilantes como las que hay en el fútbol, que la calidad de las transmisiones deportivas es superior en su caso y en cuestión de horarios un partido “del más universal de los deportes” dura casi la mitad de uno de béisbol.
Creo que ambos bandos tienen sólidos argumentos. Ahora bien, ¿cuál es el objetivo de las transmisiones deportivas? En primer lugar, reseñar el espectáculo que se produce en la cancha deportiva, recrear a los aficionados en sus tiempos de ocio y despertar emociones que luego se traducen, en muchos casos, en el deseo de los más pequeños de practicar el deporte imitando a las estrellas del momento.
De esa manera, los seguidores de cada deporte, más allá de fútbol y béisbol, tienen el derecho de exigir que la disciplina de su preferencia tenga un espacio tanto en la televisión como en la radio nacional.
En honor a la verdad, el fútbol tiene hoy más adeptos en Cuba que el béisbol, especialmente entre la juventud. Es muy fácil ver hasta un recién nacido con una camiseta del Real Madrid o del FC Barcelona, pero… ¿a cuántos vemos con una camisa de Industriales?
Es cierto que las ofertas nacionales no son muchas en este aspecto, para no decir “ninguna”, pero la situación es un referente que debe tenerse en cuenta. Ese niño de seguro tendrá primero un balón en sus piernas, que un guante en sus manos.
Cuba no es el único país en que su deporte nacional tiene que “competir” con el fútbol. También pasa en Venezuela, Nicaragua, México, Corea del Sur, Japón y Estados Unidos, por solo citar algunos botones de muestra. Eso sí, todas esas naciones han elevado su calidad futbolística y los resultados a escala internacional así lo demuestran, algo que lamentablemente no ocurre en Cuba.
En los países mencionados, la polémica no alcanza los niveles de Cuba, pues la televisión llega a través de diversas compañías y el aficionado elige libremente el deporte que quiere ver y no el que le imponen desde una única señal.
El boom del fútbol en Cuba comenzó en 1986 a raíz de la Copa Mundial de México y el triunfo de la selección argentina guiada por Diego Armando Maradona, quien poco tiempo después vino a La Habana a recibir el premio como mejor deportista del continente, según la encuesta de Prensa Latina. En aquella fecha, el destacado jugador se comprometió a apadrinar el fútbol cubano y hasta se habló de un “quinquenio del fútbol”, que nunca surtió efecto. Luego vinieron las Copas de Alemania ´90, Estados Unidos ´94, Francia ´98, Japón-Korea 2002, Alemania 2006, Sudáfrica 2010, Brasil 2014 y Rusia 2018… y la televisión cubana transmitió todos los partidos, la mayoría de ellos en vivo sin importar el horario.
A la par, y casi sin darnos cuenta, nos fuimos adentrando en las más importantes Ligas europeas y Real Madrid, Barcelona, Manchester United, Chelsea, Juventus de Turín, Milan AC, Bayern Munich y Paris Saint Germain comenzaron a ser clubes muy populares en nuestro país, especialmente entre los más jóvenes. Parecía que de alguna manera el incremento de horas de transmisión y la creciente popularidad influirían favorablemente en el desarrollo de este deporte. Asimismo, se creyó que imitar a los jugadores del momento era el punto inicial para una masividad infantil que más tarde se traduciría en mejores resultados internacionales. De esto, nada ha llegado, y aunque jugadores cubanos exiliados han sobresalido en diversas ligas foráneas, nuestra selección nacional de mayores vive las horas más bajas de todos los tiempos.
Los aficionados cubanos conocen de las Ligas europeas, saben cómo está la tabla de posiciones en cada país, quiénes son los jugadores regulares de las plantillas más poderosas, el precio de los traspasos, los salarios más altos y hasta el nombre de los entrenadores. Sin embargo, y para mí lo más doloroso, no conocen la fecha del Campeonato Cubano, quiénes son los mejores jugadores de la Isla, cómo se llama el director técnico del equipo nacional, ni la provincia que más veces ha sido campeona nacional. ¿La culpa es de los aficionados? Claro que no. Lamentablemente, el fútbol cubano no aparece en los medios, no se divulgan los nombres de las principales figuras… En fin, eso también tiene sus razones, cual eslabón de una cadena.
Entiendo que para la televisión cubana es muy difícil transmitir un partido desde terrenos que no reúnen las condiciones adecuadas, pues más que presentar un espectáculo pone al descubierto nuestras carencias. Hoy no hay una cancha cubana con las condiciones mínimas exigidas para un tope internacional.
Hace poco se transmitió un partido entre Cuba e Islas Turcas y Caicos desde el Pedro Marrero que avergonzó a todos. El terreno no estaba marcado, las paredes de fondo sin pintura alguna, el césped desnivelado, etc. Cuando eso ocurre y luego vemos un duelo de la Liga Española u otra similar, es como si la vista se abriera, como si se saliera de una cueva al mundo exterior.
Es cierto que la crisis que vive el béisbol cubano en cuanto a resultados internacionales no se debe a la creciente popularidad del fútbol. Ese es otro tema que ya hemos abordado en comentarios anteriores. Pero los cubanos respiran béisbol. No hay deporte metido tanto en nuestras venas como ese. Ningún otro forma parte de nuestro hablar cotidiano y ningún otro nos ha dado tanta gloria en toda la historia.
Pero la cobertura televisiva de la pelota es insu-ficiente. Soy consciente de que en este momento resulta imposible transmitir en vivo los partidos de las Grandes Ligas, pero es posible pasarlos diferidos, quizás uno o dos días después. (Por cierto, casi al cierre de esta edición algunas fuentes internacionales informaron de una posible negociación entre Cuba y algunos medios para poder transmitir en vivo los juegos de la MLB).
Por otro lado, igual que hay documentales sobre futbolistas, los hay de peloteros y esa es una buena opción. Tenemos excelentes documentalistas. Sería bueno que grandes figuras de nuestra pelota tuvieran su espacio y los niños pudieran ver lo mejor de las carreras deportivas de aquellos que nos dieron gloria, vivan hoy donde vivan. Y ojalá que como mismo pueden ver materiales de Pelé, Maradona, Zidane, Figo… puedan conocer a Omar Linares, Antonio Muñoz, Rogelio García, Santiago Mederos, Orlando Hernández, José Canseco, Braudilio Vinent y José Dariel Abreu, entre muchos otros.
Estudiosos del tema pudieran argumentar que el número de practicantes del béisbol en el mundo ha disminuido y hay razones lógicas que van desde el factor económico hasta la dinámica del juego, que en ocasiones resulta lento y con muchas reglas, a diferencia del fútbol o el baloncesto, donde las acciones son constantes y menos complicada la reglamentación. Ahora bien, si a eso usted le suma el incremento en la divulgación, pareciera que el béisbol está condenado a morir a la vuelta de algunas décadas.
Personalmente, no comparto tal aseveración “apocalíptica”, pero sí creo que si el Instituto Cubano de Radio y Televisión (ICRT) mantiene, por ejemplo, una política que defiende la difusión de la música cubana por encima de la extranjera, también debería trazar una estrategia para defender nuestro deporte nacional. Es desacertado que por cada partido de béisbol que transmite la televisión, se pasan casi diez de fútbol internacional, ya sea en vivo o diferido.
Por último, quiero dejar claro que no estoy en desacuerdo con que se transmitan los partidos de fútbol, pero debe ser en la medida correcta. Únicamente así los aficionados a uno y otro deporte verán reducidas sus diferencias y los amantes del béisbol no sentirán que nuestro pasatiempo nacional va en proceso de extinción. Ω

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